Powertrain:
Now most of the people will think that the propulsion system should be battery electric because they think that this is the greenest form of propulsion. This is because they don’t know much about Hydrogen Internal Combustion Engine. The Hydrogen Internal Combustion engine is currently the greenest if not the most efficient form of automobile propulsion system. This is because in case of electric cars, the production process is already adding too much pollution to the environment that even if it uses just nearly one third of the energy to travel the same distance than an Internal Combustion engine car, it can’t get an enormous difference in the combined tons of carbon dioxide produced. Hydrogen meanwhile is commercially obtained mostly by cracking. Or in the future it can be obtained by electrolysis of sea water, using electricity from a solar power plant or any other renewable source of energy .so this setup in the future is quite like electric cars because countries are planning to develop more renewable energy resources to power them so that energy could be used to create Hydrogen. Now, still a question of efficiency stays. An electric car has motors that are above 95% efficient but nowadays as they are mostly using energy from Gas turbine power plants that are basically running on furnace oil and have an efficiency of nearly 60%, so the joint efficiency of electric cars is somewhere near 60%, which is not very much higher than the efficiency of internal combustion cars these days which is somewhere about 40%. But how can we cut this gap of 20%. Yes, there is a way. The answer to this question is Entry Ignition engines. Entry Ignition engines, all the cylinders have different bore and stroke sizes, and this engine is essentially a two-stroke engine. Let us consider a four-cylinder layout of this engine. The first cylinder will be a high bore cylinder ,which will only serve to compress the air .The compression ratio of this cylinder is very low .The air then goes into a second cylinder which also serves to only compress the air but at a higher compression ratio .Now before going into a third cylinder ,the air is port injected with fuel .This is done so to let a proper air fuel mixture form .Then the third cylinder has a slider valve in place of a traditional valve .This slider valve opens to let the air enter a very hot third cylinder .This cylinder is kept hot by the exhaust valve closing early so that some exhaust gas ,which is now very hot ,to stay trapped inside .Due to this very hot temperature ,the air fuel mixture ignites upon entry .After this power stroke ,the exhaust gases then travel to a fourth cylinder ,where they are allowed to expand once more to get better efficiency . Now it is a two-stroke engine, because the 2nd and 3rd Cylinders are synchronized, with the power stroke of 3rd cylinder resulting in the intake stroke of the second. Now the two-stage compression, two stage expansion and the lean air fuel mixture result in extremely high efficiency. This engine has a theoretical efficiency of 63% as compared to 49% of Otto cycle. The real-world numbers will certainly be lesser. Now this efficiency is close to the efficiency of the electric motors of an electric car. And the further benefit of these engines is that all existing ICE (Internal Combustion Engine) engines are modifiable to this technology. Means that by installing small kits we can make all existing cars environmentally friendly too. Existing cars can also be made electric, but that modification is far too costly and resource draining. Now many more things will be done with the car to improve its efficiency. First, we will remove the gear box, and the wheels will directly be connected to the engine. Now this has a problem, it might end up stalling the engine. So, to prevent stalling, we will enable the car with a motor next to the engine, this motor will drive the wheels at low rpms, approximately up to 1000. After the car exceeds this rpm limit, the engine will rapidly start. This system will probably act like a combination of mild hybrid and series hybrid. The engine will be switched off at low rpms to save fuel. The battery will be below the car and will be a solid-state battery, big enough to move the car 100 miles. Now, you might think that the car might not start if the battery is low. To keep the battery always topped up, we will add solar glass to the windows and the roof, Kinetic energy recovery architecture and a plug-in charging plug, so that the battery always still is enough to run the vehicle. The engine will be a turbo hybrid. The engine will be a forced induction hybrid. The engine will be both supercharged and turbo charged. The motor which is next to the engine, the supercharger and the axial flow turbine driven by exhaust gases will all be mounted on the same shaft. This shaft will connect to the engine driven shaft with the help of a reciprocating shaft and gear set, which reciprocated with the help of solenoids. This layout will prevent turbo lag, make the car light as a single motor is doing everything and increases efficiency because when the motor is not connected with the engine, the turbo can drive it, making it a generator to charge the batteries. The car will be all wheel drive electronic differential locking ability at both the front and rear wheels. Since there is no gear box, there will be an adaptive cruise control, which will work with all the sensors on the body including lidar and the cameras, that have been programmed with machine learning algorithms, to compute the speed limit. An added feature of the car will be an active Kinetic Energy Recovery system. This system will also use the same lidar sensors and cameras to detect the distance between the car and cars in the front or back. After judging the distance, it will apply diverse levels of KERS accordingly to help always keep safe distance from coming cars, and still recover as much energy from wheels as possible. The All-wheel drive system will be only part time, to help get better traction. The car will have active suspension and ride height adjustment control to help get better handling. Moreover, the car will have active aerodynamics to get better cornering and stability. The cameras will also help judge the type of the road so that a computer ca computer can set the all-wheel drive system the suspension the ride height, the engine the electric motor and in fact the whole powertrain system etcetera to make the car fully adjusted for the road ahead the computer can also shut the car on either hill climb or hill descend assist for even better control of the car. There will be no radiators .Rather the whole powertrain will be surrounded or sunk in a liquid with lesser volumetric heat capacity and boiling point and density close to water .When the engine will heat ,the heat will be stored in the water and at a certain point this water will start evaporating. The steam created as a result will travel through a pipe towards a seperate turbine attached to the turbo .This turbine will be powered by this steam and thus this way we will be further increasing the thermal efficiency.
Interactivity
Now the whole car will totally be controlled by computer and a possible artificial intelligence system with minimal human input required the computer when be able to judge the mood of the driver the driver’s body temperature ,Heartbeat and his psychological state from his brain waves this way this computer will set the car the car up according to his more furthermore the computer can also sense whether the driver is sleepy or not the computer again talk to the driver and the passengers just like a human All the maps All the maps in the screen will be 3D the car will also have a 3D hologram heads up display the steering wheel will also have two touch screens in place of touch board in place of buttons there will be no gear selector yes will be selected by the middle word touch screen in the center console this touch screen will not only control the gears but it will be controlling all the aspects of a cross this touch screen will also have an active digital engine control system installed.
Layout and design :
The designs and layouts will be modular and not like today's common designs .As SUVs are very heavy and smaller layouts can be changed to carry more people e.g., estate cars .So probably new layouts will be born e.g., Family grand coupe .This type of layout will be probably like a Tesla model x ,Which appears quite small for a car that carries 7 people so practically .if electric , such type of layouts will have a lot of cargo space ,because there will be a boot on both front and back .The car will be very aerodyanmic and will have a very low drag coefficient .
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